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Appendix III: Historical Collation of Passerat's "J'ay perdu ma Tourterelle"

1 Leave a comment on paragraph 1 0 This appendix gives a historical collation of full and partial quotations of Jean Passerat’s “Villanelle” (“J’ay perdu ma Tourterelle”) in twenty-eight anthologies, handbooks, and other works. There are a great many textual variants among these “editions” of the poem, both substantive and accidental; some result from divergent practices of modernizing spelling and punctuation, some from the faulty French of English speakers, and some from other causes. I discuss some of the more interesting variants and variant trends in Chapter One.

2 Leave a comment on paragraph 2 0 I have taken as base text the printed text of Passerat’s “J’ay perdu ma Tourterelle” that appeared in the Recueil des oeuvres poétiques de Ian Passerat augmenté de plus de la moitié, outre les précédentes impressions (Paris: Morel, 1606). This work, which was published four years after Passerat’s death, contained the first public appearance of “J’ay perdu ma Tourterelle,” unless (as is likely) the sequence to which it belongs was circulated in manuscript—but there is no manuscript extant. My base text is taken from a microfilm of a copy of the Recueil located in the Bibliothèque Nationale (see Figure 1 for an image of the page); I have also examined a copy of the work at the Clark Art Institute, which shows no variants. There are also copies of the Recueil in the United States at Harvard and at Princeton.

3 Leave a comment on paragraph 3 0 The reading from the base text (the lemma) appears to the left of the bracket, and readings from subsequent works appear to the right of the bracket. My editorial comments are enclosed in brackets and italicized. Sigla representing the twenty-eight books examined are given below; they consist of the work’s first year of publication followed by the first letter of the author’s last name. When a work has gone through later editions, I have noted it in the table of works below. For all works except Richelet’s Dictionnaire de rimes (1810R) and the Encyclopaedia Britannica (1911G) I have been able to examine one copy of all such later editions: in every case the text of Passerat’s poem was identical to that in the first edition of the work (e.g., the text in the 1957 Oxford Book of French Verse is the same as that in the 1907 Oxford Book of French Verse). Quicherat’s Traité de versification française (1850Q) and Strand and Boland’s The Making of a Poem (2000S) do not quote the poem in full—both quote only the first six lines—but I have included these works in the collation for two reasons: they are the only works I have found that quote part rather than all of the poem, and the variants in both are substantive.

4 Leave a comment on paragraph 4 0 For changes that occur in twenty-one or more works, I have used the phrase all works except [sigla], and I also summarize these changes here. There has been only one scholarly edition of the French poetry of Passerat, and it is more than a century old: Prosper Blanchemain’s Les poésies françaises de Jean Passerat (1880B). This work almost exactly reproduces the version of “J’ay perdu ma Tourterelle” in the 1606 Recueil, even retaining the base text’s italic type: the sole alteration is “ß” to “ff” (lines 5 and 8).

5 Leave a comment on paragraph 5 0 The twenty-six remaining works uniformly agree on the change Amour] amour (line 7). Twenty-five works modernize “i” to “j”; “f” to “s”; “u” to “v”; and “ß” to “ss”: Boulmier’s Villanelles (1878B) retains the “i” for “j” and the “u” for “v.” The type of the base text is italic; while most texts agree in using roman type instead, Dobson’s A Note on Some Foreign Forms of Verse (1878D) does print the poem entirely in italic type. Four works print one or both refrains (lines 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, and 19) in italic type, however, and this is noted below in the line where it occurs. The case change Tourterelle] tourterelle (lines 1, 6, 12, and 18) occurs in twenty-six works: Blanchemain’s edition (1880B) and The Harrap Anthology of French Poetry (1958C) retain the capital for this word. The change Helas] Hélas (line 5) occurs in twenty-five works: Blanchemain’s edition (1880B), Gramont’s Les vers français et leur prosodie (1876G), and Strand and Boland’s The Making of a Poem (2000S) print the unaccented “e.” The change aprés] après (lines 3, 9, 15, and 19) also occurs in twenty-five works: Blanchemain’s edition (1880B), Boulmier’s Villanelles (1878B), and The Harrap Anthology of French Poetry (1958C) retain the original spelling. The change veus] veux (lines 3, 9, 15, and 19) occurs in twenty-four works: the original spelling is retained in Blanchemain’s edition (1880B), Boulmier’s Villanelles (1878B), The Harrap Anthology of French Poetry, (1958C), and Elwert’s Traité de versification française des origines à nos jours (1965E).

6 Leave a comment on paragraph 6 0 Global changes to type and lineation and appear at the beginning of the collation, and all other changes are keyed to line numbers. All words from the base text are always given with their base text punctuation, if any. I have treated accidental variants as though they are equivalent to character or substantive variants, a practice that was desirable because a word’s spelling and its punctuation have frequently varied separately. All variants are listed chronologically by their first appearance.

Transcription of Base Text

7 Leave a comment on paragraph 7 0 I’ay perdu ma Tourterelle:
Eft-ce point celle que i’oy?
Ie veus aller aprés elle.
Tu regretes ta femelle,
Helas! außi fai-ie moy,
I’ay perdu ma Tourterelle.
Si ton Amour eft fidelle,
Außi est ferme ma foy,
Ie veus aller aprés elle.
Ta plainte fe renouuelle;
Toufiours plaindre ie me doy:
I’ay perdu ma Tourterelle.
En ne voyant plus la belle
Plus rien de beau ie ne voy:
Ie veus aller aprés elle.
Mort, que tant de fois i’appelle,
Pren ce qui fe donne à toy:
I’ay perdu ma Tourterelle,
Ie veus aller aprés elle.
Table of Sigla and Works Collated

Siglum Work
1810R Pierre Richelet et al. Dictionnaire de rimes. Nouv. édn. (Lyon: A. Leroy, 1810. Editions or printings with full text of Passerat’s poem reportedly include those of 1751, 1760, 1762, 1778, 1781, 1799, 1810, 1817, and 1973; previous editions or printings of the work without any text of Passerat’s poem had appeared in 1692, 1702, 1721, and 1739).
1844T Wilhelm Ténint. Prosodie de l’école moderne. Paris: Didier, 1844. New edn. under the title Wilhelm Ténint et sa Prosodie de l’école moderne: avec des documents inédits. Patricia Siegel, ed. Paris; Genève: Champion-Slatkine, 1986.
1850Q Louis Marie Quicherat, Traité de versification française où sont exposées les variations de l’accent tonique dans les vers français, 2me édn. (Paris: Hachette et cie, 1850).
1876G Ferdinand (comte) de Gramont. Les vers français et leur prosodie. Lois régissant la poésie en france, leur variations, exemples pris des diverses époques, formes de poëmes anciennes et modernes (Paris: J. Hetzel, 1876).
1877G Edmund Gosse, “A Plea for Certain Exotic Forms of Verse,” Cornhill Magazine 36 (1877): 53-72.
1878B Joseph Boulmier, Villanelles, suivies de poésies en langage du XVe siècle, et précédées d’une notice historique et critique sur la villanelle avec une villanelle technique (Paris: Isidore Liseux, 1878).
1878D Austin Dobson, “A Note on Some Foreign Forms of Verse,” Latter-Day Lyrics, ed. W. Davenport Adams (London: Chatto and Windus, 1878) 333-49.
1879B Louis Aimé Victor Becq de Fouquières, Oeuvres choisies des poètes français du XVIe siècle, contemporains de Ronsard (Paris: G. Charpentier, 1879).
1880B Prosper Blanchemain, ed., Les poésies françaises de Jean Passerat (Paris: Alphonse Lemerre, 1880).
1887S George Saintsbury, ed., French Lyrics (New York: D. Appleton and Company, 1887).
1903A Raymond Macdonald Alden, English Verse: Specimens Illustrating Its Principles and History, English Readings (New York: H. Holt and Company, 1903; reprinted 1937).
1903K Leon Emile Kastner, A History of French Versification (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1903).
1904T Arthur Augustus Tilley, The Literature of the French Renaissance, 2 vols. (Cambridge: University Press, 1904).
1906W George Wyndham, Ronsard and La Pléiade, with Selections from Their Poetry and Some Translations in the Original Metres (London and NY: Macmillan, 1906).
1907L St. John Lucas, The Oxford Book of French Verse XIIth Century-XIXth Century (New York: Oxford University Press, 1907; reprinted 1924, 1957).
1911G Edmund Gosse, “Villanelle,” The Encyclopædia Britannica; A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, Literature and General Information, ed. Hugh Chisholm, Handy Volume Issue, 11th ed., vol. 28 (Cambridge, England and New York: At the University Press, 1910-11): 73-4.
1913Q P. M. Quitard, Anthologie de l’amour, extraite des poètes français depuis le XVe siècle jusqu’au XIXe, avec des notices biographiques et littéraires (Paris: Garnier frères, 1913).
1922C Helen Louise Cohen, Lyric Forms from France: Their History and Their Use (New York: Harcourt Brace and Company, 1922).
1923S Egerton Smith, The Principles of English Metre (London, New York: Oxford University Press, H. Milford, 1923).
1935P Warner Forrest Patterson, Three Centuries of French Poetic Theory: A Critical History of the Chief Arts of Poetry in France (1328-1630) University of Michigan Publications Language and Literature 15 III-IV (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1935).
1948C Huntington Cairns, ed., The Limits of Art (Washington DC: Pantheon, 1948).
1956A Marcel Arland, ed., Anthologie de la poésie française (Paris: Librairie Stock, 1956).
1958B Geoffrey Brereton, ed., The Penguin Book of French Verse, vol. 2 (Baltimore: Penguin Books, 1958; vol. 2 1964, 1967; rev. edn. in 4 vols. 1975, 1977).
1958C Joseph Chiari, ed., The Harrap Anthology of French Poetry (London: Harrap, 1958).
1962M Philippe Martinon, et al. Dictionnaire des rimes françaises, précédé d’un traité de versification (Paris: Larousse, 1962).
1965A Maurice Allem, Anthologie poétique française: XVIe siècle, Texte integral 45, vol. 2 (Paris: Garnier-Flammarion, 1965).
1965E W. Theodor Elwert, Traité de versification française des origines à nos jours, Manuels et études linguistiques 8 (Paris: Klincksieck, 1965).
2000S Mark Strand and Eavan Boland, The Making of a Poem: A Norton Anthology of Poetic Forms (New York: W.W. Norton, 2000).

7 Leave a comment on paragraph 7 0

Collation

Line Base Text Variant Works
[roman type] [all works except 1878D, 1880B, and lines listed below in 1903K, 1923S, 1965E, 2000S]
[white space added between stanzas] [all works except 1879B, 1880B, 1903K, 1904T, 1906W, 2000S]

[no first line indent; stanzas justified left] 1844T, 1850Q, 1876G, 1877G, 1878B, 1878D, 1903A, 1903K, 1907L, 1911G, 1923S, 1935P, 1948C, 1956A, 1958B, 1958C, 1962M, 1965E, 2000S
1 [italic type] 1903K, 1923S, 1965E, 2000S
I’ay] J’ai 1810R, 1844T, 1850Q, 1878D, 1887S, 1906W, 1907L, 1911G, 1913Q, 1922C, 1935P, 1948C, 1958B, 1965A, 2000S
J’ay 1876G, 1877G, 1879B, 1903A, 1903K, 1904T, 1923S, 1956A, 1958C, 1962M, 1965E
ma] my 2000S
Tourterelle:] tourterelle, 1810R, 1876G, 1913Q
tourterelle. 1844T, 1877G, 1878D, 1903A, 1962M
tourterelle: 1850Q, 1878B, 1879B, 1903K, 1911G, 1923S, 1956A, 1958B, 1965A, 1965E, 2000S
tourterelle; 1887S, 1904T, 1906W, 1907L, 1922C, 1935P, 1948C
2 Est-ce point] N’est-ce point 1844T
N’est-ce-point 1878D
Est-ce-point 1903A
celle] elle 1844T, 1850Q, 1876G, 1878D, 1903A, 1913Q, 1923S, 1962M
d’elle 1965E
i’oy?] j’oi? 1810R, 1844T, 1911G, 1965A
j’oy? 1850Q, 1876G, 1877G, 1879B, 1887S, 1903A, 1903K, 1904T, 1906W, 1907L, 1913Q, 1922C, 1923S, 1935P, 1948C, 1956A, 1958C, 1962M, 1965E, 2000S
j’oi (j’entends), 1878D
j’ois? 1958B
3 [italic type] 1903K, 1923S, 1965E
veus] veux [all works except 1878B, 1880B, 1958C, 1965E]
aprés] après [all works except 1878B, 1880B, 1958C]
4 Tu] –Tu 1850Q
regretes] regrettes 1810R, 1844T, 1876G, 1878B, 1878D, 1911G, 1950Q, 1887S, 1903A, 1906W, 1907L, 1913Q, 1922C, 1923S, 1935P, 1948C, 1958B, 1962M, 1965A, 1965E
regrette 1877G
regrètes 1879B, 1903K, 1904T, 1956A
femelle,] femelle. 1844T, 1850Q, 1958B
femelle? 1878B, 1911G, 1965E, 2000S
femelle: 1878D
femelle; 1876G, 1903A
femelle! 1962M
5 Helas!] Hélas! [all works except 1876G, 1880B, 2000S]
außi] aussi [all works except 1844T, 1880B, 1903A, 1913Q, 1962M]
ainsi 1844T, 1913Q
auſſi 1880B
aussy 1876G, 1903A, 1923S, 1962M
fai-ie] fais-je 1810R, 1850Q, 1877G, 1887S, 1907L, 1911G, 1913Q, 1922C, 1948C, 1965A, 2000S
fais-je, 1844T, 1878D, 1935P, 1958B
fay-ie, 1878B
fai-je 1879B, 1903K, 1904T, 1906W, 1958C
fay-je 1876G, 1903A, 1923S, 1962M
fay-je, 1965E
moy, moi, 1810R, 1887S, 1906W
moi. 1844T, 1958B
moy: 1876G, 1878B, 1879B, 1903A, 1923S, 1903K, 1913Q, 1956A, 1962M, 1965E, 2000S
moy. 1904T, 1907L, 1922C, 1935P, 1948C
moi: 1911G, 1850Q, 1878D, 1965A
6 [italic type] 1903K, 1923S, 1965E, 2000S
I’ay] J’ai 1810R, 1844T, 1850Q, 1878D, 1887S, 1906W, 1907L, 1911G, 1913Q, 1922C, 1935P, 1948C, 1958B, 1965A, 2000S
J’ay 1876G, 1877G, 1879B, 1903A, 1903K, 1904T, 1923S, 1956A, 1958C, 1962M, 1965E
Tourterelle.] tourterelle. [all works except 1880B, 1958C]
7 [lines 7-19 omitted 1850Q, 2000S]
Amour] amour [all works except 1880B]
fidelle,] fidèle, 1844T, 1876G, 1903A, 1911G, 1913Q, 1958B, 1962M, 1965A
fidèle 1878D
fidelle 1923S
8 Außi] Aussi [all works except 1880B, 1903A, 1962M)
Auſſi 1880B
Aussy 1876G, 1903A, 1962M
ferme] fermi 1877G
foy,] foi: 1810R, 1878D, 1911G
foi. 1844T
joy; 1877G
foy; 1878B, 1887S, 1903A, 1904T, 1906W, 1907L, 1922C, 1935P, 1948C, 1965E
foy: 1876G, 1913Q, 1962M
foi; 1958B
foy. 1958C
foi, 1965A
9 [italic type] 1903K, 1923S, 1965E
veus] veux [all works except 1878B, 1880B, 1958C, 1965E]
aprés] après [all works except 1878B, 1880B, 1958C]
10 plainte] plaincte 1956A
renouuelle;] renouvelle: 1810R, 1877G, 1878D
renouvelle. 1844T
renouvelle, 1876G, 1887S, 1906W, 1907L, 1922C, 1935P, 1948C, 1958B, 1962M
renouuelle? 1878B
renouvelle; 1879B, 1903K, 1904T, 1913Q, 1923S, 1956A, 1958C, 1965A
renouvelle? 1903A, 1911G, 1965E
11 Touſiours] Toujours 1810R, 1844T, 1876G, 1877G, 1878D, 1887S, 1903A, 1906W, 1907L, 1911G, 1913Q, 1922C, 1935P, 1948C, 1958B, 1962M, 1965A
Tousiours 1878B
Tousjours 1879B, 1903K, 1904T, 1923S, 1956A, 1958C, 1965E
doy:] doi: 1810R, 1878D, 1965A
doi. 1844T
doy; 1887S, 1904T, 1906W, 1907L, 1922C, 1935P, 1948C
dois: 1911G
dois; 1958B
12 [italic type] 1903K, 1923S, 1965E
I’ay] J’ai 1810R, 1844T, 1878D, 1887S, 1906W, 1907L, 1911G, 1913Q, 1922C, 1923S, 1935P, 1948C, 1958B, 1965A
J’ay 1877G, 1879B, 1903A, 1903K, 1904T, 1956A, 1958C, 1962M, 1965E
Tourterelle.] tourterelle. [all works except 1880B, 1958C]
13 En] Et 1903K
la] ma 1844T, 1878D
belle] belle, 1810R, 1844T, 1879B, 1887S, 1903K, 1904T, 1906W, 1907L, 1913Q, 1922C, 1923S, 1935P, 1948C, 1956A, 1958B, 1962M, 1965A
14 voy:] voi: 1810R
voi. 1844T
voi; 1878D, 1965A
voy; 1879B, 1887S, 1903K, 1904T, 1906W, 1907L, 1913Q, 1922C, 1923S, 1935P, 1948C, 1956A
vois: 1911G
vois; 1958B
15 [italic type] 1903K, 1923S, 1965E
veus] veux [all works except 1878B, 1880B, 1958C, 1965E]
aprés] après [all works except 1878B, 1880B, 1958C]
16 [lines 16-19 omitted 1935P]
Mort,] Mort 1810R, 1844T, 1876G, 1913Q, 1956A
i’appelle,] j’appelle 1810R, 1877G
j’appelle, [all works except 1810R, 1877G, 1878B, 1880B]
17 Pren ce] Prend ce 1810R, 1887S, 1962M
Prends ce 1844T, 1878D, 1906W, 1907L, 1911G, 1913Q, 1922C, 1923S, 1948C, 1958B, 1965A
Prens ce 1876G
Pren-ce 1877G
toy:] toi: 1810R, 1911G
toi. 1844T, 1878D, 1965A
toy! 1877G, 1887S, 1906W, 1907L, 1913Q, 1922C, 1948C
toi! 1958B
18 [italic type] 1903K, 1923S, 1965E
I’ay] J’ai 1810R, 1844T, 1876G, 1878D, 1887S, 1906W, 1907L, 1911G, 1913Q, 1922C, 1948C, 1958B, 1965A
J’ay 1877G, 1879B, 1903A, 1903K, 1904T, 1923S, 1956A, 1958C, 1962M, 1965E
Tourterelle,] tourterelle, 1810R, 1850Q, 1876G, 1878B, 1879B, 1903K, 1907L, 1911G, 1956A, 1965A, 1965E, 2000S
tourterelle. 1844T, 1878D, 1903A
tourterelle; 1877G, 1887S, 1904T, 1906W, 1907L, 1913Q, 1922C, 1948C, 1958B
19 [extra white space before last line] 1844T
[italic type] 1903K, 1923S, 1965E
veus] veux [all works except 1878B, 1880B, 1958C, 1965E]
aprés] après [all works except 1878B, 1880B, 1958C]
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